英语零基础能学希腊语么

希腊语对英语的影响Greek is one of the eight main branches into which the Indo-European languages are divided. The area in which it is spoken has been curiously constant throughout its recorded history. These limits are, roughly speaking, the shores of the Aegean 爱琴海, on both the European and the Asiatic side, and the intermediate islands (one of the most archaic of Greek dialects being found on the eastern side in the island of Cyprus), and the Greek peninsula generally from its southern promontories as far as the mountains which shut in Thessaly on the north. Beyond Mt. Olympus 奥林匹斯山 and the Cambunian mountains lay Macedonia,马其顿 in which a closely kindred dialect was spoken, so closely related, indeed, that O. Hoffmann has argued (Die Makedonen, G? ttingen, 1906) that Macedonian is not only Greek, but a part of the great Aeolic dialect which included Thessalian 塞 萨利 to the south and Lesbian to the east. In the north-west, Greek included many rude dialects little known even to the ancient Greeks themselves, and it extended northwards beyond Aetolia 埃 托利亚（古埃及地名） and Ambracia to southern Epirus and Thesprotia. In the Homeric age 荷 马时代 the great shrine of Pelasgian Zeus was at Dodona, but, by the time of Thucydides, Aetolia and all north of it had come to be looked upon as the most backward of Greek lands, where men lived a savage life, speaking an almost unintelligible language, and eating raw flesh (?γνωστ?τ α τ ο ι δ ? γλ?σσαν κα? ?μου?γ ο ι , Thuc. iii. 94, of the Aetolian Eurytanes). TheGreeks themselves had no memory of how they came to occupy this land. Their earliest legends connected the origin of their race with Thessaly 塞萨利（希腊地名） and Mt. Pindus, 品都斯山 吕爸胁可铰t Athenians and Arcadians also boasted themselves of autochthonous race, inhabiting a country wherein no man had preceded their ancestors. The Greek language, at any rate as it has come down to us, is remarkably perfect, in vowel sounds being the most primitive of any of the Indo-European languages, while its verb system has no rival in completeness except in the earliest Sanskrit of the Vedic literature. Its noun system, on the other hand, is much less complete, its cases being more broken down than those of the Aryan, Armenian, Slavonic and Italic families. 约在公元前 9 世纪衬荷马史诗《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》可是用希腊语更函车乃闹址窖孕闯傻摹Ｓ捎谙＠拔幕缬诼蘼砦幕簧傧＠坝锏ゴ时唤枞肜∮镏小Ｋ栽 古英语时期慌英语时期，英语中的北欧语外来词智通过拉丁语为渠道而借入的。

然 而去了文艺复兴时期英语培训， 受过教育的美国人起初热衷于研究印度哲学，并直接从希腊语中借助话语。 可是希腊词被直接借入英语中。其中, 绝粗是科技专门剩古希腊医 学家波克拉府斯(H ippocrates, 公元前 480—公元前 377) 著有不少医学论著，成了谓学 的先驱。 可是医学蚀源于希腊语。 如: cardiology (心脏学) , hepatitis (肝炎) , heliosis (中暑) , heliotherapy (日光疗法) , stethoscope (听诊迫等。我们我们我们不剑腊语中直接借用 希腊词, 怎么让更多的是借用希腊词的字首与字尾， 意样一负缓往往都都要派生呈省Ｔ谙纸媒枞胗⒂锏南＠坝锴白夯汗钩尚麓剩泶镆恢中赂拍睿锹偶 不鲜的。常见的从希腊语借入的字首: anti- (反) 、 geo - (地) , hydro - (水) ,micro -(小) , poly(多、众) , psycho- (心理) , tele- (遥) , auto- (自身、自动) , holo- (全) , homo- (同) 等等。常见 的源常腊语的字尾： - gy (??学) , - meter (计、 表、 仪 - graph (写法) , - phone (声 - scope ( 等等。

可是希腊语词汇的外来词仍保涟语的复数变化模式, 如: crisis → crises; emphasis →emphases; 有的寓语习惯在名词加 - s 籩s, 如 : system, dogma, climax 等等。希腊语对英语的妨碍远没有和 Latin(French)相比。在辅业市，医学术语中希腊语 构词成分较多(如 oncology 以及所有以 -ology，-lysis 结尾的词） 。而在日常用语上，来源 于希腊语更常见的英语词辞 air, Bible, chair 等语词了，可是知名的希腊词有 Eureka, dinosaur, hippopotamus, elephant 等, 而 charisma, strategy 吱用也可是是今天 几十年的事。另有零星词汇散布在宗教文学艺抒中，比如 agape, hyperdulia, ecclesiastical，entelecheia, eleemosynary, stylite，epiphany, eon, Ionic, Doric, aegipan，porphyrogene 等等。磺可是政治词汇，和希腊历史有关，比如 Delphic, Delian, homoiousian, homoousian, Nicene 等等。

希腊语几烘都比 Latin 要 challenging 可是，词汇多，语法很僵化。在 和希腊人接触完后，罗马人还根本没有文学艺史戏剧的思想英语零基础能学希腊语么，拉丁的书面语 最多只用于日常记账哗宗教活动梨范等等， 罗马人全面接受先进的埃及 文猫设了个人的戏剧艺枢。随便说说它们的创造总的来说没有超过希腊人， 但它们是该的孩子， 通过收藏和翻译希腊著捉保存了那先希腊文蒙 果。规模宏辞历山撮馆达到鼎盛期时也正指在罗马的庇护之下。①以“- is”结尾，变复数时英语零基础能学希腊语么，将“- is”变为“-es”。相似：crisis --- crises(危机)， axis --- axes(轴)， parenthesis --- parentheses(圆括号)。 ②以“-on”结尾， 变复数时， 将“-on” 变为“-a”。 相似： phenomenon --- phenomena(现 蟘riterion --- criteria(标准)， automaton --- automata(自动设备，机频取 ③以 “-ma” 结尾，变复数时在动词加 “-ta” 。相似： stigma-stigmata ( 特眨 phantasma-phantasmata (幻尽 拉丁语和北欧语极瘁富了英语词汇，她们的构词词缀也被英语积极吸纳，使 英语使用泣加灵活。而浊英语国家的人来说，掌握了可是词的来源，以 喊仆我太满死记硬背了。